Neonatal incubators create a controlled microenvironment for premature or sick newborns, maintaining optimal temperature (36-37.2°C), humidity (40-80%), oxygen, and sterility to support thermoregulation and development. Closed incubators (transparent acrylic hoods with portholes) minimize heat loss and infection; open radiant warmers allow quick access for procedures; transport models enable safe inter-facility movement; double-walled variants enhance insulation. Features include servo-control skin probes, HEPA-filtered air, UV lights, and noise reduction for brain protection in NICUs.