Balance boards enhance stability, core strength, coordination, and proprioception for injury prevention, rehab, and fitness. Common types include wobble/rocker boards (curved base tilts side-to-side), bosu balls (half-dome for squats/planks), roller boards (cylinder fulcrum for advanced surfing motion), spring-loaded (bouncing resistance), and sphere-and-ring (ball fulcrum for dynamic 360° movement). Start with basic standing (knees soft, feet shoulder-width) for 30 seconds, progress to weight shifts, single-leg balances, squats, planks, or twists engaging ankles, hips, abs. Used at standing desks to combat sitting fatigue, they reduce fall risk in seniors, boost athletic performance, and improve posture via micro-adjustments.